創新醫材臨床新商機 產學合作加速商品孵化 更新：2018年03月20日 (記者 陳亦仁 新竹報導) 低頭族玩手機，忘記眨眼導致淚液蒸發，長期恐引發慢性局部發炎、角膜嚴重受傷與失明。目前對於角膜潰瘍的治療方式大致可分為抗生素類、類固醇、隱形眼鏡、或外科手術等,希望既能促進角膜的傷口癒合,其中從天然植物或發酵工程提取的多歧醣 因同時具備抗發炎與支持組織再生的潛力 成為研究與商業開發的非常好來源 例如松衫靈芝作為創傷敷料之原料，具抗菌特性，且促進角質細胞增生，亦抑制傷口中過度活化之蛋白質(MMP)，進而減少組織細胞基質的過度分解，達到更有效的癒合，也幫助纖維母細胞的增生和位移與控制生長因子的釋放、能夠個別調控兩個以上的分子以及能讓特定的細胞增生。現今經許多臨床研究也發現 MMP的過度活化與皺紋的產生有高度關聯性。另外 新竹生醫園區研發團隊亦發現從蘭科植物萃取的多歧醣也具備很好的抗發炎與調控免疫因子(NO, TNF-α, IL-1β) ，加值利用專利特殊的製程 (Polysaccharide Enriched Glycopid Lyophilized, PEG-Lyophilized: Sérum-élastique paire) 來保留活性與增加臨床運用的潛力。
Corneal chemical burns are common ophthalmic emergencies accounting for 7.7–18% of all ocular traumas, with alkali injuries being more common than those from acid. In severe cases, the eye limbus and central epithelium can be lost leading to loss of vision. Slow epithelialization, persistent ulceration, corneal perforation and angiogenesis are the main complications and result from the processes of inflammation, neovascularization, and conjunctivalization of cornea. Strategies to treat corneal chemical burns include antibiotics, tear substitutes, corticosteroids, ascorbic acid, collagenase inhibitors and surgical treatments such as penetrating keratoplasty and amniotic membrane transplantation. However, the structural and functional restoration of alkali burn-injuries to the cornea remains a challenge, despite these therapies and thus prompting the search for novel treatment strategies including the use of polysaccharides and stem cell based therapies. Polysaccharides are high molecular weight carbohydrates composed of long chains of monosaccharide units bound together by glycosidic bonds. At least five different types of polysaccharide exist in corneal stroma, i.e. keratin sulphate, chondroitin-4-sulfate chondroitin, dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate which play important roles in maintaining the water content and transparency of the cornea . It was reported that the levels of endogenous polysaccharides were reduced in the healing area of perforating corneal. Treatment with sodium hyaluronate promoted corneal wound healing through the stimulation of epithelial cell proliferation, the promotion of epithelial cell adhesion to stroma fibronectin and the suppression of inflammatory cell infiltration. Polysaccharides may also be beneficial in the treatment of corneal diseases involving neovascularization and inflammation. The antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of polysaccharides and their impacts on cellular proliferation and the immune response have been widely reported as well. Hardy Orchid has been shown to facilitate the treatment of canal mucosal damage, ulcers, bleeding, bruises and burns. Luo et al. found that Hardy Orchid polysaccharide controlled the inflammatory responses and accelerated the wound closure in a mouse model of cutaneous trauma. Diao et al. reported that Hardy Orchid polysaccharide modulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines including NO, TNF-α, and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) in a murine macrophage-like cell line. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are multipotent stromal cells derived from the mesoderm that can differentiate into a variety of cell types. MSCs are relatively easy to isolate and expand making them promising candidates for cell replacement therapy. Recently, MSCs have been studied for the treatment of corneal chemical burn with encouraging results. Treatment with subconjunctival MSCs has been found to significantly enhance the recovery of the corneal epithelium and decrease the area of corneal neovascularization. Transplanted MSCs are thought to promote corneal wound healing through secretion of anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic cytokines.
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