2017日本生技展 見證日本生醫產業轉守為攻 2017-07-19 19:33 基因線上 基因線上GENEONLINE 位於東京臨海副都心的Tokyo Big Sight(東京國際展示場)在1996年4月啟用,其58公尺
遺傳醫學將成為日本生技產業的主力事業之一 以上九大併購案就有兩項與遺傳醫學相關,分別是日本Sosei購
基因療法開始叩關日本市場 2017年Biotech Japan的四場專題演講(Keynote Lecture)中,就有兩場與基因療法相關。
2017日本生技展 見證日本生醫產業轉守為攻 2017-07-19 19:33 基因線上 基因線上GENEONLINE 位於東京臨海副都心的Tokyo Big Sight(東京國際展示場)在1996年4月啟用,其58公尺
遺傳醫學將成為日本生技產業的主力事業之一 以上九大併購案就有兩項與遺傳醫學相關,分別是日本Sosei購
基因療法開始叩關日本市場 2017年Biotech Japan的四場專題演講(Keynote Lecture)中,就有兩場與基因療法相關。
為救英罕見絕症寶寶 美國國會給他發綠卡 【大紀元2017年07月20日訊】(大紀元記者張婷綜合報導)
責任編輯:林妍
Deoxypyrimidine monophosphate bypass therapy for thymidine kinase 2 deficiency
Caterina Garone,1,2 Beatriz Garcia-Diaz,1 Valentina Emmanuele,1,3 Luis C Lopez,4 Saba Tadesse,1 Hasan O Akman,1 Kurenai Tanji,5 Catarina M Quinzii,1 and Michio Hirano1,* EMBO Mol Med. 2014 Aug; 6(8): 1016–1027.
Abstract Autosomal recessive mutations in the thymidine kinase 2 gene (TK2) cause mitochondrial DNA depletion, multiple deletions, or both due to loss of TK2 enzyme activity and ensuing unbalanced deoxynucleotide triphosphate (dNTP) pools. To bypass Tk2 deficiency, we administered deoxycytidine and deoxythymidine monophosphates (dCMP+dTMP) to the Tk2 H126N (Tk2−/−) knock-in mouse model from postnatal day 4, when mutant mice are phenotypically normal, but biochemically affected. Assessment of 13-day-old Tk2−/− mice treated with dCMP+dTMP 200 mg/kg/day each (Tk2−/−200dCMP/dTMP) demonstrated that in mutant animals, the compounds raise dTTP concentrations, increase levels of mtDNA, ameliorate defects of mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes, and significantly prolong their lifespan (34 days with treatment versus 13 days untreated). A second trial of dCMP+dTMP each at 400 mg/kg/day showed even greater phenotypic and biochemical improvements. In conclusion, dCMP/dTMP supplementation is the first effective pharmacologic treatment for Tk2 deficiency.
Introduction Encoded by the nuclear DNA gene TK2, thymidine kinase 2 (TK2) is a mitochondrial matrix protein that phosphorylates thymidine and deoxycytidine pyrimidine nucleosides to generate deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP) and deoxycytidine monophosphate (dCMP), which, in turn, are converted to deoxynucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs) required for mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) synthesis. Autosomal recessive TK2 mutations cause severe mtDNA depletion and devastating neuromuscular diseases in infants and children, as well as mtDNA multiple deletions and progressive external ophthalmoplegia in adults (Saada et al, 2001; Tyynismaa et al, 2012). To elucidate the molecular pathogenesis of TK2 deficiency, we generated a homozygous Tk2 H126N knock-in mutant (Tk2−/−) mouse that manifests a phenotype strikingly similar to the human infantile encephalomyopathy (Akman et al, 2008). Between postnatal day 10 and 13, Tk2−/− mice rapidly develop fatal encephalomyopathy beginning with decreased ambulation, unstable gait, coarse tremor, and growth retardation that rapidly progress to early death at age 14–16 days (Dorado et al, 2011). A similar phenotype was observed in the Tk2 knockout mouse (Zhou et al, 2008). In the Tk2−/− mice, loss of Tk2 activity caused dNTP pool imbalances with low dTTP levels in brain and decreased dTTP and dCTP in liver, which, in turn, produce mtDNA depletion and defects of mitochondrial respiratory chain (RC) complexes I, III, IV, and V containing mtDNA-encoded subunits, most prominently in the brain and spinal cord (Dorado et al, 2011). Based on the understanding of the pathogenesis of Tk2 deficiency, we have assessed a rationale therapeutic strategy to bypass the enzymatic defect with oral dCMP and dTMP supplementation.
阿茲海默症致病原因 找到2關鍵基因 2017年07月20日 【大紀元訊】據中央社報導,英國卡地夫大學的科學家分析成千上萬
Rare coding variants in PLCG2, ABI3, and TREM2 implicate microglial-mediated innate immunity in Alzheimer's disease Nature Genetics (2017) doi:10.1038/ng.3916; Received 01 July 2016 Accepted 16 June 2017 Published online 17 July 2017. We identified rare coding variants associated with Alzheimer's disease in a three-stage case–control study of 85,133 subjects. In stage 1, we genotyped 34,174 samples using a whole-exome microarray. In stage 2, we tested associated variants (P < 1 × 10−4) in 35,962 independent samples using de novo genotyping and imputed genotypes. In stage 3, we used an additional 14,997 samples to test the most significant stage 2 associations (P < 5 × 10−8) using imputed genotypes. We observed three new genome-wide significant nonsynonymous variants associated with Alzheimer's disease: a protective variant in PLCG2 (rs72824905: p.Pro522Arg, P = 5.38 × 10−10, odds ratio (OR) = 0.68, minor allele frequency (MAF)cases = 0.0059, MAFcontrols = 0.0093), a risk variant in ABI3 (rs616338: p.Ser209Phe, P = 4.56 × 10−10, OR = 1.43, MAFcases = 0.011, MAFcontrols = 0.008), and a new genome-wide significant variant in TREM2 (rs143332484: p.Arg62His, P = 1.55 × 10−14, OR = 1.67, MAFcases = 0.0143, MAFcontrols = 0.0089), a known susceptibility gene for Alzheimer's disease. These protein-altering changes are in genes highly expressed in microglia and highlight an immune-related protein–protein interaction network enriched for previously identified risk genes in Alzheimer's disease. These genetic findings provide additional evidence that the microglia-mediated innate immune response contributes directly to the development of Alzheimer's disease.
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